Sri Lanka’s National Birds: Birdwatching Guide

Explore Sri Lanka’s vibrant birdlife, with a special focus on the Junglefowl—its national bird—and other endemic species across lush forests, parks, and wetlands perfect for birdwatching.

2 min

Sri Lanka, a lush island nation known for its biodiversity, is a birdwatcher’s paradise. With over 430 recorded bird species, including 33 endemics, it offers a remarkable experience for ornithologists, photographers, and nature lovers. At the heart of this avian treasure trove is the Sri Lanka Junglefowl (Gallus lafayettii), the proud national bird of Sri Lanka.

This guide explores the national bird, its habitat, its role in Sri Lankan culture, and other notable birds that make the country a must-visit for birding enthusiasts.

The National Bird: Sri Lanka Junglefowl

Appearance & Behavior

Also known locally as "Wali Kukula", the Sri Lanka Junglefowl is a vibrant, ground-dwelling bird endemic to the island. Males display a spectacular plumage of fiery orange, yellow, and deep blue with a red comb, while females are more camouflaged in earthy browns.

  • Size: About 66–72 cm (26–28 in)
  • Habitat: Forests, scrublands, and even tea estates
  • Diet: Seeds, insects, berries
  • Behavior: Often spotted foraging in pairs or small groups

Cultural Significance

The Junglefowl holds symbolic importance, representing freedom, vibrancy, and national pride. It also shares a resemblance with the domestic chicken, believed to be one of its descendants.

Where to Spot the Sri Lanka Junglefowl

The bird is fairly common in protected areas and nature reserves, especially in:

  • Sinharaja Forest Reserve (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
  • Yala National Park
  • Horton Plains
  • Udawalawe National Park
  • Knuckles Mountain Range

Guided birdwatching tours in these parks often include dawn treks to increase chances of sighting this elusive bird in its natural habitat.

Other Iconic Birds of Sri Lanka

While the Junglefowl takes center stage, Sri Lanka is home to many other stunning avian species. Here are a few highlights:

1. Sri Lanka Blue Magpie (Urocissa ornata)

A bright blue bird with a rust-colored head, exclusive to the island's wet zone forests.

2. Sri Lanka Spurfowl (Galloperdix bicalcarata)

Shy and often heard before seen, this bird prefers dense forest cover.

3. Sri Lanka Hanging Parrot (Loriculus beryllinus)

A small green parrot with bright red underparts and forehead.

4. Ceylon Wood Pigeon (Columba torringtoniae)

Endemic and rare, typically found in highland forests.

Best Times and Tips for Birdwatching in Sri Lanka

  • Best Season: November to April (dry season, coinciding with migratory arrivals)
  • Time of Day: Early morning and late afternoon
  • Best Gear: Binoculars, telephoto lens, bird guidebook, light clothing
  • Pro Tip: Hire a local naturalist for in-depth sightings and behavior explanations

Conservation & Responsible Tourism

While many birds are thriving, habitat loss due to deforestation and urbanization threatens several endemic species. Organizations like BirdLife International and Field Ornithology Group of Sri Lanka (FOGSL) work toward preserving avian biodiversity through education, research, and conservation programs.

By supporting eco-lodges and community-based birdwatching tours, travelers can contribute to sustainable tourism and help protect Sri Lanka’s feathered gems.

Whether you’re a seasoned birder or a casual traveler with a love for nature, Sri Lanka offers one of Asia’s richest birdwatching landscapes with Hi DMC experience the best of this world . The national bird—the Junglefowl—is just the beginning of a dazzling journey through misty forests, open grasslands, and serene wetlands teeming with life.

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